Carbon Dioxide

Practise balancing equations:

Direction:

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Preparation of Carbon Dioxide(Laboratory Method):

When marble chips are reacted with dilute Hydrochloric acid, Calcium chloride, Carbon dioxide and water are formed:

CaCO₃ + HCl → CaCl₂ + CO₂ + H₂O

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Preparation of Carbon Dioxide(Other methods):

1. When marble chips are reacted with dilute Nitric acid, Calcium nitrate, Carbon dioxide and water are formed:

CaCO₃ + HNO₃→ Ca(NO₃)₂ + CO₂ + H₂O

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2. When Sodium carbonate is reacted with dilute Sulphuric acid, Sodium sulphate, Carbon dioxide and water are formed:

Na₂CO₃ + H₂SO₄ → Na₂SO₄ + CO₂ + H₂O

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3. When Sodium carbonate is reacted with dilute Hydrochloric acid, Sodium chloride, Carbon dioxide and water are formed:

Na₂CO₃ + HCl → NaCl + CO₂ + H₂O

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4. When Sodium carbonate is reacted with dilute Nitric acid, Sodium nitrate, Carbon dioxide and water are formed:

Na₂CO₃ + HNO₃ → NaNO₃ + CO₂ + H₂O

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5. When Potassium carbonate is reacted with dilute Sulphuric acid, Potassium sulphate, Carbon dioxide and water are formed:

K₂CO₃ + H₂SO₄ → K₂SO₄ + CO₂ + H₂O

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6. When Potassium carbonate is reacted with dilute Hydrochloric acid, Potassium chloride, Carbon dioxide and water are formed:

K₂CO₃ + HCl → KCl + CO₂ + H₂O

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7. When Potassium carbonate is reacted with dilute Nitric acid, Potassium nitrate, Carbon dioxide and water are formed:

K₂CO₃ + HNO₃ → KNO₃ + CO₂ + H₂O

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8. When Sodium bicarbonate is reacted with dilute Sulphuric acid, Sodium sulphate, Carbon dioxide and water are formed:

NaHCO₃ + H₂SO₄ → Na₂SO₄ + CO₂ + H₂O

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9. When Sodium bicarbonate is reacted with dilute Hydrochloric acid, Sodium chloride, Carbon dioxide and water are formed:

NaHCO₃ + HCl → NaCl + CO₂ + H₂O

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10. When Sodium bicarbonate is reacted with dilute Nitric acid, Sodium nitrate, Carbon dioxide and water are formed:

NaHCO₃ + HNO₃ → NaNO₃ + CO₂ + H₂O

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11. When Potassium bicarbonate is reacted with dilute Sulphuric acid, Potassium sulphate, Carbon dioxide and water are formed:

KHCO₃ + H₂SO₄ → K₂SO₄ + CO₂ + H₂O

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12. When Potassium bicarbonate is reacted with dilute Hydrochloric acid, Potassium chloride, Carbon dioxide and water are formed:

KHCO₃ + HCl → KCl + CO₂ + H₂O

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13. When Potassium bicarbonate is reacted with dilute Nitric acid, Potassium nitrate, Carbon dioxide and water are formed:

KHCO₃ + HNO₃ → KNO₃ + CO₂ + H₂O

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14. When Calcium bicarbonate is reacted with dilute Sulphuric acid, Calcium sulphate, Carbon dioxide and water are formed:

Ca(HCO₃)₂ + H₂SO₄ → CaSO₄ + CO₂ + H₂O

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15. When Calcium bicarbonate is reacted with dilute Hydrochloric acid, Calcium chloride, Carbon dioxide and water are formed:

Ca(HCO₃)₂ + HCl → CaCl₂ + CO₂ + H₂O

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16. When Calcium bicarbonate is reacted with dilute Nitric acid, Calcium nitrate, Carbon dioxide and water are formed:

Ca(HCO₃)₂ + HNO₃ → Ca(NO₃)₂ + CO₂ + H₂O

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Reactions of Carbon dioxide:

1. Under high pressure Carbon dioxide gas dissolves in water to form weakly acidic Carbonic acid:

CO₂ + H₂O → H₂CO₃

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2. Burning Magnesium continues to burn in Carbon dioxide gas to form Magnesium oxide and Carbon:

Mg + CO₂ → MgO + C

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3. When Carbon dioxide gas is passed into lime water, first it forms milky Calcium carbonate; and when excess carbon dioxide is passed into the milky suspension, it becomes colourless Calcium bicarbonate solution :

CO₂ + Ca(OH)₂ → CaCO₃ + H₂O

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CO₂ + CaCO₃ H₂O → Ca(HCO₃)₂

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4. When Carbon dioxide gas is passed into Sodium hydroxide solution, first it forms colourless Sodium carbonate; and when excess carbon dioxide is passed into the colourless solution ,it forms a faint white suspension of Sodium bicarbonate:

CO₂ + NaOH → Na₂CO₃ + H₂O

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CO₂ + Na₂CO₃ H₂O → NaHCO₃

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5.When Carbon dioxide gas is passed over red hot coke(Carbon), Carbon monoxide gas is formed:

CO₂ + C → CO

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6. At 200^oC temperature and 200 atm pressure Carbon dioxide gas reacts with Ammonia gas to form urea (NH₂CONH₂)and water:

CO₂ + NH₃ → NH₂CONH₂ + H₂O

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Effect of heat on metallic carbonates:

1. When white Calcium carbonate is heated strongly, it decomposes into white Calcium oxide and colourless Carbon dioxide gas:

CaCO₃ → CaO + CO₂

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2. When white Magnesium carbonate is heated strongly, it decomposes into white Magnesium oxide and colourless Carbon dioxide gas:

MgCO₃ → MgO + CO₂

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3. When white Zinc carbonate is heated strongly, it decomposes into Zinc oxide which is yellow when hot and white when cold, and colourless Carbon dioxide gas:

ZnCO₃ → ZnO + CO₂

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4. When white Lead(II) carbonate is heated strongly, it decomposes into Lead(II) oxide which is orange when hot and yellow when cold, and colourless Carbon dioxide gas:

PbCO₃ → PbO + CO₂

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5. When green Copper(II) carbonate is heated strongly, it decomposes into black Copper(II) oxide, and colourless Carbon dioxide gas:

CuCO₃ → CuO + CO₂

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6. When Mercury(II) carbonate is heated gently, it decomposes into Mercury metal,colourless Carbon dioxide gas and Oxygen gas:

HgCO₃ → Hg + CO₂ + O₂

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7. When Silver carbonate is heated gently, it decomposes into Silver metal,colourless Carbon dioxide gas and Oxygen gas:

Ag₂CO₃ → Ag + CO₂ + O₂

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Effect of heat on metallic bicarbonates:

1. When white Potassium bicarbonate is heated, it decomposes into white Potassium carbonate, Carbon dioxide gas and water:

KHCO₃ → K₂CO₃ + CO₂ + H₂O

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2. When white Sodium bicarbonate is heated, it decomposes into white Sodium carbonate, Carbon dioxide gas and water:

NaHCO₃ → Na₂CO₃ + CO₂ + H₂O

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3. When Calcium bicarbonate solution is heated, it decomposes into white Calcium carbonate, Carbon dioxide gas and water:

Ca(HCO₃)₂ → CaCO₃ + CO₂ + H₂O

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4. When Magnesium bicarbonate solution is heated, it decomposes into white Magnesium carbonate, Carbon dioxide gas and water:

Mg(HCO₃)₂ → MgCO₃ + CO₂ + H₂O

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