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Hydrogen Chloride

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Direction:

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Preparation of Hydrogen Chloride:

Below 200 ^oC, Sodium Chloride reacts with concentrated Sulphuric acid to form sodium hydrogen sulphate and Hydrogen Chloride:

NaCl + H₂SO₄ → NaHSO₄ + HCl

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Above 200 ^oC, Sodium Chloride reacts with concentrated Sulphuric acid to form sodium sulphate and Hydrogen Chloride:

NaCl + H₂SO₄ → Na₂SO₄ + HCl

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Reactions of Hydrogen Chloride/Hydrochloric acid:

1. Hydrogen Chloride/Hydrochloric acid reacts with silver nitrate solution to form a white precipitate of silver chloride:

HCl + AgNO₃ → AgCl + HNO₃

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2.When Hydrogen Chloride gas meets Ammonia gas white fumes of Ammonium chloride are formed:

HCl + NH₃→ NH₄Cl

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3.When magnesium metal is added to Hydrochloric acid, colourless bubbles of Hydrogen gas are liberated:

Mg + HCl → MgCl₂ + H₂

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4.When zinc metal is added to Hydrochloric acid,colourless bubbles of Hydrogen gas are liberated:

Zn + HCl → ZnCl₂ + H₂

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5.When iron metal is added to Hydrochloric acid,colourless bubbles of Hydrogen gas are liberated:

Fe + HCl → FeCl₂ + H₂

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6.Magnesium oxide reacts with Hydrochloric acid to form Magnesium chloride and water:

MgO + HCl → MgCl₂ + H₂O

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7.Aluminium oxide reacts with Hydrochloric acid to form Aluminium chloride and water:

Al₂O₃ + HCl → AlCl₃ + H₂O

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8.Zinc oxide reacts with Hydrochloric acid to form Zinc chloride and water:

ZnO + HCl → ZnCl₂ + H₂O

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9.Iron (III) oxide reacts with Hydrochloric acid to form Iron (III) chloride and water:

Fe₂O₃ + HCl → FeCl₃ + H₂O

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10.Copper (II) oxide reacts with Hydrochloric acid to form Copper (II) chloride and water:

CuO + HCl → CuCl₂ + H₂O

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11.Dilute Hydrochloric acid reacts with Potassium hydroxide to form Potassium chloride and water:

HCl + KOH → KCl + H₂O

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12.Dilute Hydrochloric acid reacts with Sodium hydroxide to form Sodium chloride and water:

HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O

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13.Dilute Hydrochloric acid reacts with Calcium hydroxide to form Calcium chloride and water:

HCl + Ca(OH)₂ → CaCl₂ + H₂O

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14.Dilute Hydrochloric acid reacts with white Magnesium hydroxide to form colourless Magnesium chloride and water:

HCl + Mg(OH)₂ → MgCl₂ + H₂O

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15.Dilute Hydrochloric acid reacts with white Aluminium hydroxide to form colourless Aluminium chloride and water:

HCl + Al(OH)₃ → AlCl₃ + H₂O

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16.Dilute Hydrochloric acid reacts with white Zinc hydroxide to form colourless Zinc chloride and water:

HCl + Zn(OH)₂ → ZnCl₂ + H₂O

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17.Dilute Hydrochloric acid reacts with green Iron(II) hydroxide to form light green Iron(II) chloride and water:

HCl + Fe(OH)₂ → FeCl₂ + H₂O

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18.Dilute Hydrochloric acid reacts with reddish brown Iron(III)hydroxide to form yellow Iron(III) chloride and water:

HCl + Fe(OH)₃ → FeCl₃ + H₂O

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19.Dilute Hydrochloric acid reacts with blue copper(II) hydroxide to form blue solution of copper(II)chloride and water:

HCl + Cu(OH)₂ → CuCl₂ + H₂O

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20.Potassium carbonate reacts with Hydrochloric acid to form Potassium chloride, carbon dioxide and water:

K₂CO₃ + HCl→ KCl + CO₂ + H₂O

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21.Sodium carbonate reacts with Hydrochloric acid to form Sodium chloride, carbon dioxide and water:

Na₂CO₃ + HCl→ NaCl + CO₂ + H₂O

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22.Calcium carbonate reacts with Hydrochloric acid to form Calcium chloride, carbon dioxide and water:

CaCO₃ + HCl→ CaCl₂ + CO₂ + H₂O

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23.Magnesium carbonate reacts with Hydrochloric acid to form Magnesium chloride, carbon dioxide and water:

MgCO₃ + HCl→ MgCl₂ + CO₂ + H₂O

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24.Zinc carbonate reacts with Hydrochloric acid to form Zinc chloride, carbon dioxide and water:

ZnCO₃ + HCl→ ZnCl₂ + CO₂ + H₂O

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25.Copper (II) carbonate reacts with Hydrochloric acid to form Copper (II) chloride, carbon dioxide and water:

CuCO₃ + HCl→ CuCl₂ + CO₂ + H₂O

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26.Potassium bicarbonate reacts with Hydrochloric acid to form Potassium chloride, carbon dioxide and water:

KHCO₃ + HCl→ KCl + CO₂ + H₂O

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27.Sodiium bicarbonate reacts with Hydrochloric acid to form Sodiium chloride, carbon dioxide and water:

NaHCO₃ + HCl→ NaCl + CO₂ + H₂O

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28.Calcium bicarbonate reacts with Hydrochloric acid to form Calcium chloride, carbon dioxide and water:

Ca(HCO₃)₂ + HCl→ CaCl₂ + CO₂ + H₂O

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29.Magnesium bicarbonate reacts with Hydrochloric acid to form Magnesium chloride, carbon dioxide and water:

Mg(HCO₃)₂ + HCl→ MgCl₂ + CO₂ + H₂O

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30.Sodium Sulphite reacts with dilute Hydrochloric acid to form Sodium choride, Sulphur dioxide gas and water:

Na₂SO₃ + HCl → NaCl+ SO₂ +H₂O

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31.When Iron (II)Sulphide is reacted with dilute Hydrochloric acid, Hydrogen sulphide gas is formed:

FeS + HCl → FeCl₂+ H₂S

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32.Manganese (IV)oxide oxidizes concentrated Hydrochloric acid into Chlorine gas:

MnO₂ + HCl→ MnCl₂ + Cl₂ + H₂O

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33.Lead (IV) oxide oxidizes concentrated Hydrochloric acid into Chlorine gas:

PbO₂ + HCl→ PbCl₂ + Cl₂ + H₂O

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34.Red lead (Tri lead tetroxide) oxidizes concentrated Hydrochloric acid into Chlorine gas:

Pb₃O₄ + HCl→ PbCl₂ + Cl₂ + H₂O

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35.Potassium permanganate oxidizes concentrated Hydrochloric acid into Chlorine gas:

KMnO₄ + HCl→ KCl + MnCl₂ + Cl₂ + H₂O

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